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1.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 103(16): e37848, 2024 Apr 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38640332

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of fire acupuncture (FA) on plaque psoriasis (PP), exploring its suitable syndrome types, in order to achieve better therapeutic effects, accelerate the possibility of psoriasis skin lesion recovery, and provide assistance for clinical treatment. METHODS: A total of 8 patients with PP aged between 18 and 60 years were recruited and treated with FA once a week, and the lesion area and severity index (PASI), visual analog scale and pruritus were measured before, 2, 4 and 8 weeks after treatment and at the follow-up period (week 12), respectively. Visual analog scale, and dermoscopy were used for assessment. RESULTS: All patients showed improvement in pruritus after 1 FA treatment, and lesions were reduced to varying degrees after 2 weeks. Except for patients 5 and 8, who only achieved effective results due to severe disease, all other patients with psoriasis achieved significant results at 8 weeks after treatment. CONCLUSION: FA can significantly control the development of lesions, reduce the symptoms of PP lesions and pruritus, and help prevent psoriasis recurrence.


Assuntos
Terapia por Acupuntura , Psoríase , Humanos , Lactente , Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Resultado do Tratamento , Prurido/etiologia , Prurido/terapia , Pesquisa , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Método Duplo-Cego
2.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 121(17): e2314353121, 2024 Apr 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38635634

RESUMO

Auxin regulates plant growth and development through downstream signaling pathways, including the best-known SCFTIR1/AFB-Aux/IAA-ARF pathway and several other less characterized "noncanonical" pathways. Recently, one SCFTIR1/AFB-independent noncanonical pathway, mediated by Transmembrane Kinase 1 (TMK1), was discovered through the analyses of its functions in Arabidopsis apical hook development. Asymmetric accumulation of auxin on the concave side of the apical hook triggers DAR1-catalyzed release of the C-terminal of TMK1, which migrates into the nucleus, where it phosphorylates and stabilizes IAA32/34 to inhibit cell elongation, which is essential for full apical hook formation. However, the molecular factors mediating IAA32/34 degradation have not been identified. Here, we show that proteins in the CYTOKININ INDUCED ROOT WAVING 1 (CKRW1)/WAVY GROWTH 3 (WAV3) subfamily act as E3 ubiquitin ligases to target IAA32/34 for ubiquitination and degradation, which is inhibited by TMK1c-mediated phosphorylation. This antagonistic interaction between TMK1c and CKRW1/WAV3 subfamily E3 ubiquitin ligases regulates IAA32/34 levels to control differential cell elongation along opposite sides of the apical hook.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis , Proteínas F-Box , Ubiquitina-Proteína Ligases/genética , Ubiquitina-Proteína Ligases/metabolismo , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Ácidos Indolacéticos/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Ubiquitinas/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Proteínas F-Box/genética , Proteínas F-Box/metabolismo
4.
Chemistry ; : e202400739, 2024 Mar 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38497677

RESUMO

A new noncentrosymmetric strontium borate, P1-Sr2[B5O8(OH)]2 ⋅ [B(OH)3] ⋅ H2O (1), has been synthesized under the hydrothermal condition. The P1-Sr2[B5O8(OH)]2 ⋅ [B(OH)3] ⋅ H2O shows a layered B-O network with 9-ring windows in the ab plane. Sr2+ cations, H3BO3, and H2O molecules are located in the voids of layers and interlayers, respectively. The P1-Sr2[B5O8(OH)]2 ⋅ [B(OH)3] ⋅ H2O is the first synthetic phase of veatchite, while the other three polymorphs are found in different natural minerals. This strontium borate is a potential deep-ultraviolet-transparent nonlinear-optical (NLO) crystal whose second-harmonic-generation (SHG) intensity is 1.7 times that of KH2PO4 (KDP) and is phase-matchable. The short wavelength cutoff edge of compound 1 is below 190 nm. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the B-O units are responsible for the nonlinear optical property.

5.
World J Gastrointest Surg ; 16(2): 601-608, 2024 Feb 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38463350

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Gastric stromal tumors, originating from mesenchymal tissues, are one of the most common tumors of the digestive tract. For stromal tumors originating from the muscularis propria, compared with conventional endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) can remove deep lesions and digestive tract wall tumors completely. However, this technique has major limitations such as perforation, postoperative bleeding, and post-polypectomy syndrome. Herein, we report a case of postoperative serous surface bleeding which formed an encapsulated hemoperitoneum in a patient with gastric stromal tumor that was treated with exposed EFTR. Feasible treatment options to address this complication are described. CASE SUMMARY: A 47-year-old male patient had a hemispherical protrusion found during gastric endoscopic ultrasonography, located at the upper gastric curvature adjacent to the stomach fundus, with a smooth surface mucosa and poor mobility. The lesion was 19.3 mm × 16.1 mm in size and originated from the fourth ultrasound layer. Computed tomography (CT) revealed no significant evidence of lymph node enlargement or distant metastasis. Using conventional ESD technology for mucosal pre-resection, exposed EFTR was performed to resect the intact tumor in order to achieve a definitive histopathological diagnosis. Based on its morphology and immunohistochemical expression of CD117 and DOG-1, the lesion was proven to be consistent with a gastric stromal tumor. Six days after exposed EFTR, CT showed a large amount of encapsulated fluid and gas accumulation around the stomach. In addition, gastroscopy suggested intracavitary bleeding and abdominal puncture drainage indicated serosal bleeding. Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with serosal bleeding resulting in encapsulated abdominal hemorrhage after exposed EFTR for a gastric stromal tumor. The patient received combined treatments, such as hemostasis under gastroscopy, gastrointestinal decompression, and abdominal drainage. All examinations were normal within six months of follow-up. CONCLUSION: This patient developed serous surface bleeding in the gastric cavity following exposed EFTR. Serosal bleeding resulting in an encapsulated hemoperitoneum is rare in clinical practice. The combined treatment may replace certain surgical techniques.

6.
Anal Sci ; 2024 Mar 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38522044

RESUMO

Cu2+ as an important trace element plays an essential role in various biologic processes due to the unique redox active nature. For this reason, much effort has been made to develop effective methods for Cu2+ detection. In this study, a novel structure fluorescent chemosensor, 1-(6-(((5-(5, 5-difluoro-1, 3, 7, 9-tetramethyl-5H-4λ4, 5λ4-dipyrrolo[1, 2-c:2', 1'-f][1, 3, 2] diazaborinin-10-yl)quinolin-8-yl)oxy)methyl)pyridin-2-yl)-N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)methanamine (1), was synthesized and characterized by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Sensor 1 showed an obviously "on-off" fluorescence response to Cu2+ with a 1:1 binding stoichiometry by UV-vis and fluorescence spectrophotometry. The detection limit of sensor 1 to Cu2+ was determined to be 1.9 µM, and the stable pH range for Cu2+ detection was from 3 to 13. Sensor 1 can be used for recognition and detection of tyrosinase in potatoes.

7.
Immunity ; 57(3): 478-494.e6, 2024 Mar 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38447571

RESUMO

Emerging evidence has revealed a direct differentiation route from hematopoietic stem cells to megakaryocytes (direct route), in addition to the classical differentiation route through a series of restricted hematopoietic progenitors (stepwise route). This raises the question of the importance of two alternative routes for megakaryopoiesis. Here, we developed fate-mapping systems to distinguish the two routes, comparing their quantitative and functional outputs. We found that megakaryocytes were produced through the two routes with comparable kinetics and quantity under homeostasis. Single-cell RNA sequencing of the fate-mapped megakaryocytes revealed that the direct and stepwise routes contributed to the niche-supporting and immune megakaryocytes, respectively, but contributed to the platelet-producing megakaryocytes together. Megakaryocytes derived from the two routes displayed different activities and were differentially regulated by chemotherapy and inflammation. Our work links differentiation route to the heterogeneity of megakaryocytes. Alternative differentiation routes result in variable combinations of functionally distinct megakaryocyte subpopulations poised for different physiological demands.


Assuntos
Megacariócitos , Trombopoese , Diferenciação Celular/genética , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Plaquetas
10.
Cell ; 187(6): 1387-1401.e13, 2024 Mar 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38412859

RESUMO

The Crumbs homolog 1 (CRB1) gene is associated with retinal degeneration, most commonly Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Here, we demonstrate that murine retinas bearing the Rd8 mutation of Crb1 are characterized by the presence of intralesional bacteria. While normal CRB1 expression was enriched in the apical junctional complexes of retinal pigment epithelium and colonic enterocytes, Crb1 mutations dampened its expression at both sites. Consequent impairment of the outer blood retinal barrier and colonic intestinal epithelial barrier in Rd8 mice led to the translocation of intestinal bacteria from the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract to the retina, resulting in secondary retinal degeneration. Either the depletion of bacteria systemically or the reintroduction of normal Crb1 expression colonically rescued Rd8-mutation-associated retinal degeneration without reversing the retinal barrier breach. Our data elucidate the pathogenesis of Crb1-mutation-associated retinal degenerations and suggest that antimicrobial agents have the potential to treat this devastating blinding disease.


Assuntos
Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso , Degeneração Retiniana , Animais , Camundongos , Translocação Bacteriana , Proteínas do Olho/genética , Amaurose Congênita de Leber/genética , Mutação , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/genética , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/metabolismo , Retina/metabolismo , Degeneração Retiniana/genética , Retinite Pigmentosa/genética , Retinite Pigmentosa/metabolismo , Retinite Pigmentosa/patologia
11.
bioRxiv ; 2024 Jan 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38328176

RESUMO

Computational cognitive modeling is an important tool for understanding the processes supporting human and animal decision-making. Choice data in decision-making tasks are inherently noisy, and separating noise from signal can improve the quality of computational modeling. Common approaches to model decision noise often assume constant levels of noise or exploration throughout learning (e.g., the ϵ-softmax policy). However, this assumption is not guaranteed to hold - for example, a subject might disengage and lapse into an inattentive phase for a series of trials in the middle of otherwise low-noise performance. Here, we introduce a new, computationally inexpensive method to dynamically infer the levels of noise in choice behavior, under a model assumption that agents can transition between two discrete latent states (e.g., fully engaged and random). Using simulations, we show that modeling noise levels dynamically instead of statically can substantially improve model fit and parameter estimation, especially in the presence of long periods of noisy behavior, such as prolonged attentional lapses. We further demonstrate the empirical benefits of dynamic noise estimation at the individual and group levels by validating it on four published datasets featuring diverse populations, tasks, and models. Based on the theoretical and empirical evaluation of the method reported in the current work, we expect that dynamic noise estimation will improve modeling in many decision-making paradigms over the static noise estimation method currently used in the modeling literature, while keeping additional model complexity and assumptions minimal.

12.
Cell Rep ; 43(2): 113799, 2024 Feb 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38367239

RESUMO

Schlemm's canal (SC) functions to maintain proper intraocular pressure (IOP) by draining aqueous humor and has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for glaucoma, the second-leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. However, our current understanding of the mechanisms governing SC development and functionality remains limited. Here, we show that vitronectin (VTN) produced by limbal macrophages promotes SC formation and prevents intraocular hypertension by activating integrin αvß3 signaling. Genetic inactivation of this signaling system inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT and FOXO1 and reduced ß-catenin activity and FOXC2 expression, thereby causing impaired Prox1 expression and deteriorated SC morphogenesis. This ultimately led to increased IOP and glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Intriguingly, we found that aged SC displayed downregulated integrin ß3 in association with dampened Prox1 expression. Conversely, FOXO1 inhibition rejuvenated the aged SC by inducing Prox1 expression and SC regrowth, highlighting a possible strategy by targeting VTN/integrin αvß3 signaling to improve SC functionality.


Assuntos
Glaucoma , Hipertensão , Doenças do Nervo Óptico , Humanos , Idoso , Integrina alfaVbeta3 , Canal de Schlemm , Macrófagos
13.
Nat Med ; 30(3): 708-715, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38242982

RESUMO

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), particularly when accompanied by microvascular invasion (MVI), has a markedly high risk of recurrence after liver resection. Adjuvant immunotherapy is considered a promising avenue. This multicenter, open-label, randomized, controlled, phase 2 trial was conducted at six hospitals in China to assess the efficacy and safety of adjuvant sintilimab, a programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor, in these patients. Eligible patients with HCC with MVI were randomized (1:1) into the sintilimab or active surveillance group. The sintilimab group received intravenous injections every 3 weeks for a total of eight cycles. The primary endpoint was recurrence-free survival (RFS) in the intention-to-treat population. Key secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and safety. From September 1, 2020, to April 23, 2022, a total of 198 eligible patients were randomly allocated to receive adjuvant sintilimab (n = 99) or undergo active surveillance (n = 99). After a median follow-up of 23.3 months, the trial met the prespecified endpoints. Sintilimab significantly prolonged RFS compared to active surveillance (median RFS, 27.7 versus 15.5 months; hazard ratio 0.534, 95% confidence interval 0.360-0.792; P = 0.002). Further follow-up is needed to confirm the difference in OS. In the sintilimab group, 12.4% of patients experienced grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events, the most common of which were elevated alanine aminotransferase levels (5.2%) and anemia (4.1%). These findings support the potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors as effective adjuvant therapy for these high-risk patients. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry identifier: ChiCTR2000037655 .


Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirurgia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/efeitos adversos , Adjuvantes Imunológicos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos
14.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord ; 24(1): 79, 2024 Jan 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38291395

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sacubitril valsartan (SV) on heart failure (HF) hospitalization and cardiovascular mortality in patients on hemodialysis with HF with preserved ejection fraction (EF; HFpEF). METHODS: This single-center, prospective study enrolled 155 stable hemodialysis patients with EF > 40% who were followed up for 12 months. Fifty-nine patients were treated with SV; the others were matched for EF (57.89 ± 9.35 vs. 58.00 ± 11.82, P = 0.9) at a ratio of 1:1 and included as controls. The target dosage of SV was 200 mg/day. RESULTS: Twenty-three (23/155; 14.84%) had HF with mid-range EF (HFmrEF), while 132 (85.16%) had HFpEF. After SV treatment, the peak early diastolic transmitral flow velocity/peak early diastolic mitral annular tissue velocity(E/e') improved from 17.19 ± 8.74 to 12.80 ± 5.52 (P = 0.006), the left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic diameter decreased from 53.14 ± 7.67 mm to 51.56 ± 7.44 mm (P = 0.03), and the LV mass index decreased from 165.7 ± 44.6 g/m2 to 154.8 ± 24.0 g/m2 (P = 0.02). LVEF (P = 0.08) and LV global longitudinal strain (P = 0.7) did not change significantly. The composite outcome of first and recurrent HF hospitalization or cardiovascular death showed no difference between group. However, the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative Workgroup (ADQI) HF class improved in 39 and 15 patients and worsened in 1 and 11 patients in the SV and control groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Age, diabetes mellitus, and pulmonary arterial pressure were independent risk factors for HF hospitalization and cardiovascular mortality in patients with HFpEF. CONCLUSIONS: SV improved LV hypertrophy, diastolic function, and the ADQI class for HF; however, it failed to reduce the composite endpoints of HF hospitalization and cardiovascular disease-related mortality over 12 months of follow-up in patients on maintenance hemodialysis with EF of > 40%.


Assuntos
Aminobutiratos , Compostos de Bifenilo , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Humanos , Insuficiência Cardíaca/diagnóstico , Insuficiência Cardíaca/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Prospectivos , Volume Sistólico , Tetrazóis/efeitos adversos , Valsartana/efeitos adversos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/induzido quimicamente , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Função Ventricular Esquerda
15.
Inflammopharmacology ; 32(1): 393-404, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37429999

RESUMO

Medulla Tetrapanacis (MT) is a commonly used herb to promote lactation and manage mastitis in lactating mothers. However, its anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effects are currently unknown. We hypothesized that MT water extract possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effects by modulating macrophage polarization to reduce the release of inflammatory mediators and phagocytosis via inactivation of MAPKs pathways. The chemical composition of the MT water extract was analyzed by UPLC-Orbitrap-mass spectrometry. The anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties of the MT water extract were examined using LPS-stimulated inflammation and Staphylococcus aureus infection model in RAW 264.7 cells, respectively. The underlying mechanism of action of the MT water extract was also investigated. We identified eight compounds by UPLC-Orbitrap-mass spectrometry that are abundant within the MT water extract. MT water extract significantly suppressed LPS-induced nitric oxide, TNF-α and IL-6 secretion in RAW 264.7 cells which was accompanied by the promotion of macrophage polarization from pro-inflammatory towards anti-inflammatory phenotypes. MT water extract significantly suppressed the LPS-induced MAPK activation. Finally, MT water extract decreased the phagocytic capacity of the RAW 264.7 cells against S. aureus infection. MT water extract could suppress LPS-induced inflammation by promoting macrophages towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype. In addition, MT also inhibited the growth of S. aureus.


Assuntos
Lactação , Lipopolissacarídeos , Feminino , Humanos , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Staphylococcus aureus , Transdução de Sinais , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Macrófagos , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia
16.
J Cell Biol ; 223(2)2024 02 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38095639

RESUMO

Metastasis is the main cause of colorectal cancer (CRC)-related death, and the 5-year relative survival rate for CRC patients with distant metastasis is only 14%. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP)-associated factor 1 (XAF1) is a zinc-rich protein belonging to the interferon (IFN)-induced gene family. Here, we report a metastasis-promoting role of XAF1 in CRC by acting as a novel adaptor of valosin-containing protein (VCP). XAF1 facilitates VCP-mediated deubiquitination of the E3 ligase RING finger protein 114 (RNF114), which promotes K48-linked ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of junction plakoglobin (JUP). The XAF1-VCP-RNF114-JUP axis is critical for the migration and metastasis of CRC cells. Moreover, we observe correlations between the protein levels of XAF1, RNF114, and JUP in clinical samples. Collectively, our findings reveal an oncogenic function of XAF1 in mCRC and suggest that the XAF1-VCP-RNF114-JUP axis is a potential therapeutic target for CRC treatment.


Assuntos
Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal , Proteínas Reguladoras de Apoptose , Neoplasias Colorretais , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular , Humanos , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de Sinal/metabolismo , Apoptose , Proteínas Reguladoras de Apoptose/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , gama Catenina/metabolismo , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Proteína com Valosina/genética , Proteína com Valosina/metabolismo
17.
J Vestib Res ; 2023 Nov 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38042999

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Visual vertigo (VV) is a disease characterized by various visual signal-induced discomforts, including dizziness, unsteady balance, activity avoiding, and so forth. Distinguishing it from other kinds of dizziness is important because it needs the combination of visual training and vestibular rehabilitation together. However, there is no appropriate tool to diagnose VV in China, thus we would like to introduce an effective tool to China. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to establish the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of visual vertigo analogue scale (VVAS-CH) and to achieve its crosscultural adaptation in order to promote its further usage in China. METHODS: A total of 1681 patients complaining of vertigo or dizziness were enrolled and they were asked to complete the VVAS-CH. The cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and construct validity of the VVAS-CH were determined. RESULTS: Split-half reliability was 0.939, showing a good reliability. Factor analysis identified only one common factor for the nine items that explained 64.83% of the total variance. Most fit indices reached acceptable levels, proving the good fit of the VVAS-CH model. CONCLUSIONS: The VVAS-CH validated in this study can be used as an effective tool for diagnosing and evaluating VV in patients whose native language is Chinese.

18.
Biomed Environ Sci ; 36(11): 1015-1027, 2023 Nov 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38098322

RESUMO

Objective: This study aimed to compare 9 perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSA) with carbon chain lengths (C4-C12) to inhibit human placental 3ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (3ß-HSD1), aromatase, and rat 3ß-HSD4 activities. Methods: Human and rat placental 3ß-HSDs activities were determined by converting pregnenolone to progesterone and progesterone secretion in JEG-3 cells was determined using HPLC/MS-MS, and human aromatase activity was determined by radioimmunoassay. Results: PFSA inhibited human 3ß-HSD1 structure-dependently in the order: perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS, half-maximum inhibitory concentration, IC 50: 9.03 ± 4.83 µmol/L) > perfluorodecanesulfonic acid (PFDS, 42.52 ± 8.99 µmol/L) > perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid (PFHpS, 112.6 ± 29.39 µmol/L) > perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS) = perfluoropentanesulfonic acid (PFPS) = perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) = perfluorododecanesulfonic acid (PFDoS) (ineffective at 100 µmol/L). 6:2FTS (1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctanesulfonic acid) and 8:2FTS (1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecanesulfonic acid) did not inhibit human 3ß-HSD1. PFOS and PFHpS are mixed inhibitors, whereas PFDS is a competitive inhibitor. Moreover, 1-10 µmol/L PFOS and PFDS significantly reduced progesterone biosynthesis in JEG-3 cells. Docking analysis revealed that PFSA binds to the steroid-binding site of human 3ß-HSD1 in a carbon chain length-dependent manner. All 100 µmol/L PFSA solutions did not affect rat 3ß-HSD4 and human placental aromatase activity. Conclusion: Carbon chain length determines inhibitory potency of PFSA on human placental 3ß-HSD1 in a V-shaped transition at PFOS (C8), with inhibitory potency of PFOS > PFDS > PFHpS > PFBS = PFPS = PFHxS = PFDoS = 6:2FTS = 8:2FTS.


Assuntos
Ácidos Alcanossulfônicos , Fluorocarbonos , Humanos , Gravidez , Feminino , Ratos , Animais , Placenta , Progesterona/metabolismo , Progesterona/farmacologia , Aromatase/metabolismo , Aromatase/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Hidroxiesteroide Desidrogenases/metabolismo , Hidroxiesteroide Desidrogenases/farmacologia
19.
Food Res Int ; 174(Pt 1): 113463, 2023 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37986407

RESUMO

In this work, critical melting (CM) combined with freeze-thawing treatment (FT, freezing at -20 â„ƒ and -80 â„ƒ, respectively) was used to prepare porous starch. The results showed that CM combined with the slow freezing rate (-20 â„ƒ) can prepare porous starch with characteristics of grooves and cavities, while combined with the rapid freezing rate (-80 â„ƒ) can prepare with holes and channels, especially after repeating FT cycles. Compared with the native counterpart, the specific surface area, pore volume, and average diameter of CMFT-prepared porous starch were significantly increased to 4.07 m2/g, 7.29 cm3/g × 10-3, and 3.57 nm, respectively. CMFT significantly increased the thermal stability of starch, in which the To, Tp, and Tc significantly increased from 63.32, 69.62, and 72.90 (native) to ∼69, 72, and 76 °C, respectively. CMFT significantly increased water and oil absorption of porous starch from 91.20 % and 72.00 % (native) up to ∼163 % and 94 %, respectively. Moreover, CMFT-prepared porous starch had a more ordered double-helical structure, which showed in the significantly increased relative crystallinity, semi-crystalline lamellae structure, and the proportion of the double helix structure of starch. The synergistic effect of melting combined with ice recrystallization can be used as an effective way to prepare structure-stabilized porous starch.


Assuntos
Gelo , Amido , Amido/química , Congelamento , Porosidade , Fenômenos Químicos
20.
Zhen Ci Yan Jiu ; 48(11): 1095-1102, 2023 Nov 25.
Artigo em Inglês, Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37984906

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to explore the analgesic mechanism of fire needle on peripheral sensitization in rats with neuropathic pain(NP) induced by oxaliplatin, so as to investigate its mechanism in improving peri-pheral sensitization. METHODS: Male SD rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into 4 groups:normal group(n=6), model group(n=6), fire needle group(n=6), and medication group(n=6). NP rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of oxaliplatin(4 mg/kg) on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, 16, 22, and 23. For rats in the fire needle group, fire needle treatment was performed at the "Jiaji"(EX-B2) acupoints of the L4-L6 segments on days 24, 26, and 28, ie. 1 day, 3 and 5 days after modeling. The medication group received intraperitoneal injection of pregabalin(100 mg/kg). Mechanical pain thresholds of the rats were measured before modeling, after modeling and intervention. Serum contents of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6) and chemokine ligand 12(CXCL12) were detected by ELISA. Skin histopathology changes in the acupoint area were observed using HE staining. The number of mast cells in the skin of the acupoints was observed using toluidine blue staining. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the postive expressions of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1), protease-activated receptor 2(PAR2) and tryptase(TPS) in the skin of the acupoint area. Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of TRPV1 and PAR2 in the dorsal root ganglia(DRG). RESULTS: Compared with the normal group, the model group had decreased paw withdrawal threshold(PWT) after modeling(P<0.05), increased serum contents of IL-6, TNF-α, and CXCL12(P<0.05), increased number of mast cells in the acupoint area(P<0.05), and increased positive protein expressions of TPS, TRPV1, and PAR2 in the skin of the acupoint area(P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the fire needle group and medication group had increased PWT after intervention(P<0.05), decreased serum contents of IL-6, TNF-α, and CXCL12, and postive protein expressions of TPS, TRPV1, and PAR2 in the skin of the acupoint area(P<0.05);while the medication group had decreased protein expressions of TRPV1 and PAR2 in DRG(P<0.05). HE staining showed thickened epidermis, disordered cellular arrangement, significant intercellular edema, and inflammatory cell infiltration in the model group. In the medication and fire needle groups, the epidermis was thinner, cellular arrangement was clearer, and the extent of tissue edema and inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced compared to the model group. CONCLUSIONS: Fire needle can improve mechanical pain threshold and reduce the contents of peripheral inflammatory factors in rats with oxaliplatin-induced NP. This effect may be related to the inhibition of mast cell activation and the inhibition of TPS, TRPV1 and PAR2 protein expressions, in the local areas of acupoints.


Assuntos
Neuralgia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa , Ratos , Masculino , Animais , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Oxaliplatina/efeitos adversos , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/genética , Interleucina-6/genética , Neuralgia/etiologia , Neuralgia/genética , Edema
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